What's the difference between Cl@ve and a digital certificate?

A digital certificate is a file installed in your browser, accepted for almost every online procedure, including formal digital signatures. Cl@ve is simpler to set up (a PIN or password) and covers most everyday procedures, but a handful of processes still require the certificate specifically.

Tax and Social Security

How to use Cl@ve

Cl@ve is Spain's simpler alternative to a digital certificate for identifying yourself online with public administrations.

Last reviewed: 2026-06-15In-person registration is usually completed in one visit; Cl@ve PIN codes themselves are generated instantly once you're registered.

This guide is not yet verified by Tuchati's editorial review — treat it as a helpful starting point, not a final legal answer.

Overview

Cl@ve is a system that lets you access Spanish government websites without installing anything, using either a one-time code sent to your phone (Cl@ve PIN) or a username and password you set up in advance (Cl@ve Permanente). It's generally quicker to set up than a digital certificate, though not accepted for every single procedure.

Requirements

A valid NIE or DNI
A Spanish mobile number is helpful, though not always strictly required, depending on the registration method

Step-by-step process

Register for Cl@ve online if you already have a digital certificate, or in person at a registration office (Tax Agency, Social Security, or other authorised points) if you don't
Choose between Cl@ve PIN (a one-time code requested each time you need it) or Cl@ve Permanente (a fixed username and password, with an extra one-time code for higher-security procedures)
Use your chosen method to log into the relevant public body's electronic office (Sede Electrónica) when completing a procedure

Required documents

NIE or DNI
Proof of registration (in-person registration typically requires your ID in person)

Common mistakes

Assuming Cl@ve and a digital certificate are interchangeable for every procedure — some specific processes (particularly ones requiring a formal digital signature) still require the certificate
Letting a Cl@ve PIN code expire before using it — codes are typically valid for a short window, often 24 hours

Practical tips

Cl@ve PIN is a good option if you only need occasional access and don't want to install a certificate file
Cl@ve Permanente is more convenient if you complete official procedures regularly, since you don't need a new code every time for lower-security actions

How Tuchati can help

If you're not sure which identification method a specific procedure requires, Tuchati can help you confirm before you get stuck partway through an online form.