Visas & residency
Legalizing foreign documents (apostille and sworn translation)
Foreign certificates (birth, marriage, criminal record) usually need an apostille and a certified Spanish translation before Spanish authorities will accept them.
Last reviewed: 2026-06-15Apostille processing varies by country, from days to several weeks; sworn translations typically take a few days depending on document length.
This guide is not yet verified by Tuchati's editorial review — treat it as a helpful starting point, not a final legal answer.
Overview
Spanish authorities generally won't accept a foreign public document at face value. Two separate steps are usually needed: an apostille (or consular legalisation, for non-Hague countries) confirming the document is genuine, and a certified Spanish translation if the original isn't in Spanish.
Requirements
- The document must be an original or certified copy issued by the relevant foreign authority
- Your country must be a member of the Hague Apostille Convention for the simpler apostille route to apply
Step-by-step process
- Obtain the original document from the issuing authority in your home country
- Apply for an apostille from the competent authority in that country (often a foreign ministry or courts service)
- Commission a certified (sworn) Spanish translation from a translator accredited by the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs
- Submit the apostilled original plus certified translation together wherever it's required
Required documents
- Original document to be legalised
- Apostille certificate attached to the original
- Certified Spanish translation, if the original isn't in Spanish
Common mistakes
- Translating the document before it's apostilled — the apostille itself may also need translating
- Using a non-accredited translator whose translation Spanish authorities won't accept as 'sworn'
- Letting a criminal record certificate expire — most are only valid for 90 days from issue for this purpose
Practical tips
- Order an extra apostilled original if you'll need the document for more than one procedure
- Confirm your translator is on the official Spanish sworn-translator register before paying
How Tuchati can help
Tuchati can point you to accredited sworn translators and help you sequence this correctly so nothing expires before you can use it.
